Autoestima e estética na percepção de pessoas idosas de Centros de Referência de Assistência Social / Self-esteem and aesthetics in the perception of older adults from Social Assistance Reference Centers

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a percepção de pessoas idosas em relação a sua imagem corporal e autoestima. Método Pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória, descritiva realizada com 28 pessoas idosas nos Centros de Referência de Assistência Social de Araucária, Paraná, Brasil. Foi aplicada entrevista com roteiro estruturado composto por 10 questões que abordavam os sentimentos em relação à estética no envelhecimento e às repercussões na autoestima. A análise dos dados foi realizada utilizando o software IRAMUTEQ®. Resultados A análise da percepção em relação à estética e autoestima no envelhecimento resultou em 5 classes: classe 1 (19,8%) "Relação autoestima x autoimagem", classe 2 (20,7%) "Sentimentos e sensações experimentadas", classe 3 (20,7%) "Aspectos além da aparência que influenciam a autoestima", classe 4 (18,1%) "Motivos para realizar cuidados estéticos" e classe 5 (20,7%) "Tipos de intervenções e cuidados estéticos". Elevada autoestima foi encontrada em uma população vulnerável economicamente. Muitas pessoas idosas relataram que com o envelhecimento houve mudanças na forma como são tratadas, entretanto, isso não foi percebido somente de forma negativa. Conclusão Embora a sociedade promova um padrão de beleza, as pessoas idosas conseguem viver de forma satisfatória, com elevada autoestima, sem serem influenciadas negativamente.

Abstract Objective To analyze the perception of older adults regarding their body image and self-esteem. Method A qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive study conducted with 28 older adults in the Social Assistance Reference Centers of Araucária, Paraná, Brazil. A structured interview with a questionnaire comprising 10 questions addressing feelings about aesthetics in aging and its repercussions on self-esteem was administered. Data analysis was performed using the IRAMUTEQ® software. Results The analysis of perception regarding aesthetics and self-esteem in aging resulted in 5 classes: Class 1 (19.8%) "Self-esteem vs. self-image", Class 2 (20.7%) "Feelings and sensations experienced", Class 3 (20.7%) "Aspects beyond appearance influencing self-esteem", Class 4 (18.1%) "Reasons for engaging in aesthetic care", and Class 5 (20.7%) "Types of interventions and aesthetic care". Elevated self-esteem was found in an economically vulnerable population. Many older adults reported changes in how they are treated with aging; however, this was not solely perceived negatively. Conclusion Despite societal promotion of a beauty standard, older adults can live satisfactorily with high self-esteem without being negatively influenced.

Validation of the Short-Facebook Jealousy Scale among Colombian Men and Women

Social networks, particularly Facebook, influence romantic relationships, as they can generate jealousy and conflict between members of the couple. The Facebook Jealousy Scale (FJS) is an instrument that assesses jealousy about using Facebook, but no similar instrument is available in Colombia. The main aim was to examine the psychometric properties of the FJS in a Colombian sample of 485 men and 727 women. Participants answered the socio-demographic questionnaire, the adaptation of the Facebook Jealousy Scale, Romantic Partner Conflict Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Romantic Jealousy Scale. The final version of the FJS was made up of 15 items which were distributed across three dimensions: Partner's Activity, Partner's Surveillance, Partner's Romantic and Sexual relationship. Ordinal's alpha values from its three factors ranged between .90 and .95. Concurrent validity was also provided, as the measure was associated with dimensions from partner conflict, self-esteem, and romantic jealousy. An invariance test by gender was also performed, resulting in compliance with metric invariance. Therefore, the FJS is a useful tool for clinicians and researchers who work on issues related to romantic relationships. Research analyzing Facebook jealousy provides an interesting indicator of couple's monitoring and controlling behaviors, which are features of psychological abuse, a subtype of intimate partner violence.

Las redes sociales, particularmente Facebook, influyen en las relaciones sentimentales, ya que pueden generar celos y conflictos entre los miembros de la pareja. La Escala de Celos de Facebook (FJS) es un instrumento que evalúa los celos por el uso de Facebook, y no hay ningún instrumento similar disponible en Colombia. El objetivo principal fue examinar las propiedades psicométricas del FJS en una muestra colombiana de 485 hombres y 727 mujeres. Los participantes completaron un cuestionario sociodemográfico, la adaptación de la Escala de Celos de Facebook, la Escala de Conflicto de Pareja Romántica, la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg y la Escala de Celos Románticos. La versión final de la FJS estuvo conformada por 15 ítems que, a su vez, conformaron tres dimensiones: Actividad de la pareja, Vigilancia de la pareja, Relación romántica y sexual de la pareja. Los valores de alfa ordinal de los tres factores oscilaron entre .90 y .95. También se demostró validez concurrente con otras dimensiones relacionadas con conflicto en la pareja, autoestima y celos románticos. El análisis de invarianza según género resultó en un nivel de invarianza métrica. El FJS es una medida que puede ser útil para la práctica clínica y los investigadores que trabajan en temas relacionados con las relaciones románticas. La investigación que analice los celos asociados al Facebook ofrecerá un interesante indicador de la supervisión en el contexto de pareja y las conductas de control, elementos clave del abuso psicológico, un subtipo de la violencia de pareja.

Mental health, suicide risk and the important role of self-esteem in Adolescents before and during coexistence with COVID-19 in Ecuador

Introduction/Objectives: COVID-19 has had a significant emotional impact on people's lives, especially adolescents. Therefore, the aim was to assess the predictors of suicide risk during the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents in Ecuador by means of a longitudinal study. Method: The application of a longitudinal design with two measures: before the start of the pandemic and one year afterwards. The sample consisted of 137 adolescents between 12-18 years of age. The variables analysed were mental health, the risk of suicide and self-esteem. Statistical analyses were performed using mean comparison, correlations, QCA models and mediation models. Results: The results indicated higher levels of anxiety and stress after one year of the pandemic. In addition, a higher risk of suicide following the pandemic was observed in those adolescents with higher scores in emotional symptomatology and low self-esteem. QCA models and mediation models highlighted the importance of self-esteem as a protective variable between pre-COVID-19 suicide risk and emotional symptomatology and post-COVID-19 suicide risk. Conclusions: This study highlights adolescents' level of vulnerability to the pandemic and its significant psychological impact. It is important to detect which factors function as risks and which as protection against COVID-19 in order to implement intervention programmes that target these aspects and ensure better adolescent well-being.

Introducción/Objetivos: La COVID-19 tuvo un impacto emocional en la vida de las personas, especialmente en la adolescencia. El objetivo fue evaluar los predictores de riesgo de suicidio en adolescentes en Ecuador por medio de un estudio longitudinal. Método: Se trata de un diseño longitudinal con dos medidas: antes del inicio de la pandemia y un año después. La muestra fue de 137 adolescentes entre 12 y 18 años. Las variables analizadas fueron la salud mental, el riesgo de suicidio y la autoestima. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron mediante comparación de medias, correlaciones, modelos QCA y modelos de mediación. Resultados: Los resultados indicaron mayores niveles de ansiedad y estrés después de un año de la pandemia. Se observó un mayor riesgo de suicidio tras la pandemia en aquellos adolescentes con puntuaciones más altas en sintomatología emocional y baja autoestima. Los modelos QCA y los modelos de mediación destacaron la importancia de la autoestima como variable protectora en el riesgo postsuicidio. Conclusiones: Este estudio pone de manifiesto el nivel de vulnerabilidad de los adolescentes ante la pandemia y su importante impacto psicológico. Es importante detectar qué factores funcionan como riesgos y cuáles como protección frente al COVID-19 para implementar programas de intervención.

O que é autoestima para os analistas do comportamento? Uma revisão sistemática / What is self-esteem for behavioral analysts? A systematic review

A autoestima é um termo muito utilizado pelas pessoas no senso comum, mas ainda são necessários mais estudos para entendê-lo sob o ponto de vista comportamental. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão de textos da Análise do Comportamento a respeito de autoestima. Foi realizada uma busca em três fontes diferentes: periódicos exclusivos de Análise do Comportamento; as coleções de livros Sobre Comportamento e Cognição e Comportamento em Foco; e na Scielo. No total, 16 textos preencheram os critérios, que eram a) ter a palavra "autoestima" no título b) ser um texto da Análise do Comportamento. Foram discutidas as definições de autoestima utilizadas, os participantes dos estudos, os estímulos usados em testes de medida implícita e os principais resultados. Nenhum dos textos analisados utilizou intervenções voltadas ao aumento da autoestima. Apesar de serem textos da abordagem comportamental, muitos dos estudos utilizam apenas definições e instrumentos não comportamentais. As principais conclusões da revisão foram: 1) ainda existem poucos estudos sobre autoestima na Análise do Comportamento; 2) ainda não existe uma definição comportamental bem construída, especialmente na literatura internacional.

Self-esteem is a term that is widely used in common sense, but more studies are still needed to understand it from a behavioral point of view. The objective of this study was to carry out a review of Behavior Analysis papers regarding self-esteem. A search was conducted in three different sources: Behavior Analysis journals; the book collections Sobre Comportamento e Cognição and Comportamento em Foco; and on Scielo. In total, 16 texts met the criteria, which were a) having the word "self-esteem" in the title and b) being a Behavior Analysis text. We discuss the definitions of self-esteem used, the participants in the studies, the stimuli used in the implicit measurement tests and the main results. None of the analyzed texts used interventions aimed to increase self-esteem. Even though they are texts of the behavioral approach, many of the studies only use non-behavioral definitions and instruments. The main conclusions of the review were: 1) there are still few studies on self-esteem in Behavior Analysis; 2) there is still no well-constructed behavioral definition, especially in international literature.

Salud mental, autoestima y satisfacción vital en universitarios del sur de Chile / Mental health, self-esteem and life satisfaction among university students in southern Chile / Saúde mental, Autoestima e Satisfação com a Vida em Universitários do sul do Chile

(analítico) Los universitarios atraviesan una etapa evolutiva que los sitúa como una población propensa a presentar alteraciones de salud mental, afectando su calidad de vida general. Este trabajo analiza la relación entre salud mental, autoestima y satisfacción vital en estudiantes de una universidad del sur de Chile. Los 452 participantes, hombres y mujeres entre 18 y 24 años de distintas carreras de la universidad, respondieron cuatro instrumentos: cuestionario sociodemográfico, escala de depresión, ansiedad y estrés, escala de satisfacción con la vida y escala de autoestima. Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes que puntuaron más alto en problemas de salud mental presentaban menor satisfacción con la vida y menor autoestima. Así mismo, se encontró que las mujeres presentan mayor prevalencia en problemas de salud mental que los hombres.

(analytical) University students experience an evolutionary stage that positions them as a population prone to mental health disorders, which affects their general quality of life. This paper analyzes the relationship between mental health, self-esteem and life satisfaction among students at a university in sout-hern Chile. The 452 participants, males and females aged between 18 and 24 studying different university degrees, answered 4 different questionnaires: Sociodemographic Questionnaire; Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale; Life Satisfaction Scale; and Self-esteem Scale. The results showed that students who scored higher regarding mental health problems had lower life satisfaction and lower self-esteem scores. It was also identified that female students have a higher prevalence of mental health problems compared to male students.

(analítico) Os estudantes universitários passam por um estágio evolutivo que os coloca como uma população propensa a transtornos de saúde mental, afetando sua qualidade de vida geral. Este artigo analisa a relação entre saúde mental, autoestima e satisfação com a vida em estudantes de uma universidade no sul do Chile. 452 participantes, homens e mulheres entre 18 e 24 anos de diferentes carreiras universitárias, respondeu a 4 instrumentos: Questionário Sociodemográfico, Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse, Escala de Satisfação com a Vida e Escala de Autoestima. Os resultados mostraram que os alunos que pontuaram mais em problemas de saúde mental apresentaram menor satisfação com a vida e menor autoestima. Assim, verificou-se também que as mulheres apresentam maior prevalência de problemas de saúde mental do que os homens.

Social-emotional issues among children with strabismus higher than among non-strabismus children in Western India

Purpose: Data on social?emotional aspects among children with strabismus in India are scanty. We compared the emotional symptoms (ES), loneliness and social dissatisfaction (LSD), and self?esteem (SE) and their associated risk factors among children with and without strabismus in India. Methods: A cross?sectional case–control study design was used to recruit 101 children with strabismus aged 8 to 18 years and a control group of 101 children that were age? and gender?matched. Interviews were performed using standardized scales to assess ES, LSD, and SE. Variations in the intensity of ES, LSD, and SE were assessed using multiple classification analysis (MCA). Results: A total of 202 children participated in the study. The mean ES, LSD, and SE scores were 3.4 (standard deviation [SD] 1.9), 48.4 (SD 3.2), and 22.1 (SD 3.8) for the strabismus group and 1.8 (SD 1.5), 33.3 (SD 3), and 31.3 (SD 2) for the non?strabismus group, respectively. Among the strabismus group, the highest levels of mean ES, LSD, and SE scores were observed among children facing problems in performing daily tasks. Amongst the non?strabismus group, children studying at the primary level and those facing neglect had the highest mean scores. In MCA, being affected with strabismus had the highest effect on the intensity of ES, LSD, and SE with a beta (?) value of 0.223 (P = 0.016), 0.922 (P < 0.001), and 0.853 (P < 0.001). Conclusion: A significantly high proportion of children with strabismus deal with elevated levels of ES, LSD problems, and low SE as compared with non?strabismus children, highlighting the need to address the poor social?emotional health of children

Funcionamiento familiar, salud mental, ansiedad, autoestima y calidad de vida en familias en situación de vulnerabilidad de una ciudad del caribe colombiano

Se presenta un estudio analítico y transversal, con el objetivo de explorar los niveles de funcionamiento familiar, salud mental, ansiedad, autoestima y calidad de vida en familias en situación de vulnerabilidad de una ciudad del caribe colombiano. La muestra final fue compuesta por 50 familias, para un total de 100 sujetos (50 Padres/cuidador, 50 adolescentes). Se utilizaron como instrumentos el APGAR Familiar, el Self reporting questionnaire (SRQ), el Whoqol-Bref, el Inventario de Ansiedad Rasgo-Estado (IDARE) y la escala de autoestima de Rosenberg. Se encontraron altos niveles de disfunción familiar, ansiedad y 67 correlaciones significativas entre las diferentes variables, a su vez, se encontró diferencias significativas en la variable de autoestima entre el grupo de padres/cuidador y adolescentes. Se concluyó la existencia de una asociación entre funcionamiento familiar, ansiedad, autoestima y calidad de vida en familias en situación de vulnerabilidad, asimismo, que existe diferencia significativa entre la autoestima de padres/cuidador y adolescentes. Se hace énfasis en la importancia del funcionamiento familiar en la calidad de la salud mental.

An analytical and cross-sectional study is presented, with the objective of exploring the levels of family functioning, mental health, anxiety, self-esteem and quality of life in families in vulnerable situations in a Colombian Caribbean city. The final sample was made up of 50 families, for a total of 100 subjects (50 parents/caregiver, 50 adolescents). The Family APGAR, the Self reporting questionnaire (SRQ), the Whoqol-Bref, the Trait-State Anxiety Inventory (IDARE) and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale were used as instruments. High levels of family dysfunction, anxiety and 67 significant correlations were found between the different variables, in turn, significant differences were found in the self-esteem variable between the group of parents/caregiver and adolescents. The existence of an association between family functioning, anxiety, self-esteem and quality of life in families in vulnerable situations was concluded, likewise, that there is a significant difference between the self-esteem of parents/caregivers and adolescents. Emphasis is placed on the importance of family functioning in the quality of mental health.

Relación entre autoestima y comprensión lectora en estudiantes de secundaria / Relationship between self-esteem and reading comprehension in secondary school students / Relação entre autoestima e compreensão de leitura em alunos do ensino médio

El artículo tiene como finalidad dar a conocer la relación que hay entre la autoestima y la comprensión lectora del alumnado del VI ciclo de la Educación Básica Regular (EBR). La metodología desarrollada fue cuantitativa, no experimental, explicativa, contando con 60 educandos que oscilan entre los 12 y 14 años de edad, siendo 50% mujeres y 50% varones; a quienes se les aplicó dos instrumentos que presentaron validez y confiabilidad. Asimismo, los resultados mostraron que la autoestima equilibrada sobresalió en un 52%, la sobreelevada obtuvo un 32% y la de menor cantidad fue la autoestima media con16%; mientras que en la comprensión lectora el puntaje más alto estuvo enfocado en la dimensión literal con un 78% nivel medio, 15% en el nivel bajo y el menor reconocido fue la dimensión critica con 63% considerando las interrogantes planteadas y solo 7% en un nivel alto. Se concluye que el factor autoestima influyó más en la dimensión inferencial y crítica, mas no en el nivel literal corroborando los estudios realizados; por ello se propone incentivar el fomento del desarrollo del auto concepto con fines de mejorar los resultados del rendimiento escolar en los niveles literal y crítico de la compresión lectora en los estudiantes del VI ciclo de la EBR y aplicar diversas estrategias practicando este hábito.

The purpose of the article is to make known the relationship between self-esteem and reading comprehension of the students of the VI cycle of Regular Basic Education (EBR). The methodology developed was quantitative, not experimental, explanatory, with 60 students ranging between 12 and 14 years of age, 50% being female and 50% male; to whom two instruments that presented validity and reliability were applied. Likewise, the results showed that balanced self-esteem stood out by 52% and the one that obtained the lowest amount was mean self-esteem with 16%; while in reading comprehension the highest score was in the literal dimension with 78% medium level and the lowest was the critical dimension with 63% according to the questions raised. It is concluded that the self-esteem factor influenced more in the inferential dimension and has not influenced in the literal level according to the inferential analysis; For this reason, it is proposed to encourage the promotion of the development of self-concept in order to improve the results of school performance in the literal and critical levels of reading comprehension in students of the VI cycle of the EBR and apply various strategies practicing this habit.

O objetivo do artigo é dar a conhecer a relação entre autoestima e compreensão leitora dos alunos do VI ciclo do Ensino Básico Regular (EBR). A metodologia desenvolvida foi quantitativa, não experimental, explicativa, com 60 alunos na faixa etária de 12 a 14 anos, 50% mulheres e 50% homens; aos quais foram aplicados dois instrumentos que apresentaram validade e confiabilidade. Da mesma forma, os resultados mostraram que a autoestima equilibrada se destacou em 52%, a superalta obteve 32% e o menor valor foi a autoestima média com 16%; alto nível. Conclui-se que o fator autoestima teve maior influência na dimensão inferencial e crítica, mas não no nível literal, corroborando os estudos realizados; Por isso, propõe-se estimular o desenvolvimento do autoconceito para melhorar os resultados do desempenho escolar nos níveis literal e crítico de compreensão leitora nos alunos do VI ciclo da EBR e aplicar diversas estratégias praticando esse hábito.

Body image perception and self-esteem among undergraduate medical students in Nanded, Maharashtra

Introduction: Body image is the percep?on and a?tude one holds toward one’s own body, especially, but not exclusively, one’s physical appearance. The promo?on of posi?ve body image improves people’s quality of life and behaviors related to health. Social factors, sociocultural influences, media pressure, and the pursuit of an ideal body, associated with accomplishments and happiness are among the causes of changes in the percep?on of body image, leading to dissa?sfac?on. There is very less literature on these topics among males and also medical students. Objec?ves: To assess body image percep?on and the influence of sociocultural factors on it and self-esteem among undergraduate students of a medical college. Methods: A cross-sec?onal study was carried out among 192 undergraduate medical students of a medical college from June 2021 to September 2021 using a predesigned pretested self-administered ques?onnaire in English. Results: Out of 200 students included in the study the mean age of study subjects was 19.78 ± 1.39 years, of which,107(56%) were males and 85(44%) were females. The 192 students were classified as Underweight (27(14%)), Normal weight (78(41%)), Overweight (43(22%)) and Obese I (44(23%)) according to Asian WHO BMI classifica?on. BISS scores (which measure body image sa?sfac?on) were the median of the six items a?er reversescoring the three posi?ve-to-nega?ve items which were found to be 5.5(4-7) and 53% of students showed body image dissa?sfac?on. 33% (63 students) of students have thin/low body fat internaliza?on and about 77(40%) have muscular/athle?c internaliza?on.54(28%) students mostly agree about family pressure to a?ain the ideal appearance, 53(28%) feel pressure from peers and 75(39%) mostly agree with influence of media to a?ain ideal appearance. Out of the 192 students,124(64%) showed normal self-esteem, 63(33%) with low self-esteem, and 5(3%) with high selfesteem as per Rosenberg’s self-esteem score. A sta?s?cally significant associa?on was found between BMI and body image percep?on and also between Body image percep?on with sociocultural a?tudes toward the appearance and self-esteem of students. Conclusion: Body image dissa?sfac?on affects young students. In this study, about 53% of the students showed body image dissa?sfac?on. This percep?on of self has mainly been influenced by media (39%), family pressure (28%), and peer pressure (28%). Also, 33% of the students have low esteem with a significant associa?on between Body image percep?on and self-esteem.

O sofrimento, a depressão e o impacto na autoimagem em indivíduos com queimaduras / Suffering, depression, and the impact on self-image in individuals with burns

Fundamentos: Indivíduos com queimaduras sofrem com autoestima e depressão. Objetivo: Analisarpercepção dos participantes quanto ao sofrimento ocasionado pela queimadura, sintomatologia depressiva e interferência na autoimagem e relacionamento interpessoal. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, longitudinal, descritivo, com 36 participantes atendidos em centro de referência a queimados de hospital escola do Sul do Brasil. Realizada entrevista semiestruturada, dados tratados pela Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: Emergiu categoria sobre o sofrimento causado pela queimadura e impacto na autoimagem com três unidades temáticas. Dados apontam participantes insatisfeitos com autoimagem, desenvolveram sintomatologia depressiva em resposta às dificuldades que queimadura acarretou na vida de relação; apoio familiar foi decisivo ao enfrentamento da nova condição, relações afetivas foram resgatadas a beneficiar a recuperação.Conclusão e implicações para prática: Percepção dos participantes para autoimagem prejudicada associada a autoestima diminuída e sintomatologia depressiva, prejuízo para o relacionamento interpessoale apontam a importância da família no processo de recuperação e fortalecimento dos laços familiares durante e após tratamento da queimadura (AU).

Introduction: Individuals with burns suffer from self-esteem and depression. Objective: Analyze the participants' perception of the suffering caused by the burn, depressive symptoms, and interference in self-image and interpersonal relationships. Methods: Qualitative, longitudinal, descriptive study, with 36 participants seen at a reference center of care to burn people in a teaching hospital in southern Brazil. A semi-structured interview was conducted, and data were processed through Content Analysis. Results: The category about the suffering caused by the burn, and its impact on self-image emerged with three thematic units. Data suggest that participants dissatisfied with a self-image developed depressive symptoms in response to the difficulties that the burn caused in the life of a relationship; family support was decisive in coping with the new condition; affective links were rescued, benefiting the recovery.Conclusion and implications for practice: Participants' self-image perception damaged and associated with decreased self-esteem and depressive symptoms, impairment for the interpersonal relationship, and pointing out the importance of the family in the process of recovery and strengthening of family bonds during and after treatment of the burn (AU).

Fundamentos: Las personas con quemaduras sufren de autoestima y depresión. Objetivo: Analisar la percepción de los participantes sobre el sufrimiento causado por la quemadura, sintomatología depresiva y su interferencia en auto imagen e en el relacionamiento interpersonal. Métodos: estudio cualitativo, d longitudinal, descriptivo, con 36 participantes atendidos en un centro de quemados de un hospital universitario del sur de Brasil. Se realizó una entrevista semiestructurada, los datos fueron tratados por Análisis de Contenido. Resultados: La categoría sobre el sufrimiento provocado por la quemadura y el impacto en la autoimagen surgió con tres unidades temáticas. Los datos indican que los participantes insatisfechos con la imagen de sí mismos, desarrollaron síntomas depresivos en respuesta a las dificultades que la quemadura les causó en la vida de pareja; El apoyo familiar fue determinante para afrontar la nueva condición, se rescataron las relaciones afectivas en beneficio de la recuperación. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica: La percepción de los participantes de la autoimagen deteriorada asociada a disminución de la autoestima y síntomas depresivos, deterioro para el relacionamiento interpersonal y señalan la importancia de la familia en el proceso de recuperación y fortalecimiento de los lazos familiares durante y después. tratamiento de la quemadura (AU).

Positivización de la autoestima específica en el docente quirúrgico. Resultados del Curso 2CeQ Docencia Quirúrgica® / Positivization of specific self-esteem in the surgical teacher. Results of the grade 2CeQ Surgical Teaching®

Resumen Objetivo: Evidenciar la mejora en la autoestima específica docente y del conocimiento integral de los dominios cognitivos de Bloom en los participantes en el curso 2CeQ®, estimados a través del incremento y análisis comparativo en la puntuación obtenida en la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (EAR) y ejercicios de evaluación pre y poscurso. Diseño, metodología o aproximación: Estudio analítico comparativo transversal, de datos correspondientes a los valores de las variables (puntuación obtenida) de dos cuestionarios (Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg [EAR] y ejercicios de evaluación pre y poscurso) contestados por los participantes en el curso. Análisis estadístico: frecuencia relativa de ocurrencia, medidas de dispersión y prueba t (p<0.05 fue estadísticamente significativo). Resultados: Se incluyeron 21 individuos. Se observó una mejora significativa en la puntuación de la autoestima específica como docente quirúrgico según la EAR (16.3±5 [7-25] vs 20.9±5.2 [13-30]; p=0.003). En el ejercicio de evaluación, hubo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la puntuación pre y poscurso (38.5±14.3 [10.3-70.6] vs 72.4±17 [29.4-88.2]; p=0.006). Limitaciones del estudio o implicaciones: Serie unicéntrica, con limitado número del tamaño de la muestra, lo que impide validar los resultados. Originalidad o valor: Estudio en epistemología educativa quirúrgica nacional, único en su clase. Hallazgos o conclusión: La participación en el Curso "2CeQ Docencia Quirúrgica®" aumenta la autoestima específica para el ejercicio docente y la capacidad técnica para desarrollar el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, por lo cual puede coadyuvar a elevar la calidad de los programas educativos.

Abstract Objetive: To show improvement in teaching-specific self-esteem and comprehensive knowledge on Bloom's cognitive domains, among participants in 2CeQ® Course, estimated through increase and comparative analysis of pre- and post-course scores obtained from Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale (RSS) and evaluation-tests. Design, methodology and approximation: Transversal, analytic and comparative study of pre- and post-course values from data corresponding to RSS and evaluation tests scores, answered by participants. Statistics: Occurrence relative frequency, dispersion calculations, and t test (p<0.05 statistically significant). Results: 21 individuals were included. A significant improvement in surgical-teaching self-esteem from RSS (16.3±5 [7-25] vs 20.9±5.2 [13-30]; p=0.003) and a statistically significant difference between pre- and postcourse test's scores (38.5±14.3 [10.3-70.6] vs 72.4±17 [29.4-88.2]; p=0.006 were observed). Limitations and implications of study: Unicentric series and a limited sample, avoiding the validation of results. Originality or value: Study on national surgical education epistemology, one of a kind. Findings and conclusion: Participation in "2CeQ" Course increases specific self-esteem for teaching and technical ability to develop teaching and learning process, helping to optimize the quality of educational programs.

Effect of Malocclusion on Bully Victim School Students

Background: Bullying or peer victimization in schools is a specific sort of aggressive behavior and can be described as a circumstance in which a student is subjected, frequently and over time, to unpleasant acts on the part of one or more classmates. The study’s objective was to evaluate Malocclusion’s effect on bully-victim school students, specifically self-esteem and oral health-related quality of life. Material & Methods: This study was a prospective cross-sectional investigation carried out at the Baridhara Scholar’s International School & College. The study was carried out between October 2021 and October 2022 which included 310 students between the ages of 10 and 14 years. Results: Most of the students, 91(29.4%), were aged 13 years. whereas 143(46.1%) were boys and 167(53.9%) were girls. The majority of the participants, 177(57.1%), were bullied, and 133(42.9%) were not bullied. Those who had experienced bullying were significantly more likely to have a Class II Division 1 incisor relationship (P value, 0.034), an increased overjet >4 mm (P value, 0.002), and an increased overbite (P value, 0.041). A negative impact on total Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) (P value, 0.001) is caused by bullied participants reporting higher degrees of oral symptoms (P value, 0.042), functional limits (P value, 0.001), emotional impact (P value, 0.001), and social impact (P value, 0.001) from their oral condition. In comparison to non-bullied participants, those who had experienced bullying reported lower levels of social competence (P-value, 0.001), athletic competence (P-value, 0.001), physical appearance-related self-esteem (P-value, 0.001), and general self-esteem (P-value, 0.001). Conclusion: According to this study, bullying in schools is the most prevalent offense children commit. Significant associations exist between the self-esteem of bullying victims, the existence of malocclusion, and their OHRQoL. Orthodontic characteristics such as a Class II Div1, Div2, class III incisor relationship, enhanced overjet, and overbite are linked to bullying.

Cirurgia plástica estética em mulheres e autoestima: um estudo qualitativo / Aesthetic plastic surgery in women and self-esteem: a qualitative study / Cirugía estética en la mujer y autoestima: un estudio cualitativo

INTRODUÇÃO: Atualmente a cirurgia plástica tornou-se uma alternativa para as mulheres conquistarem a beleza ideal. As mudanças corporais objetivam alterar ou melhorar a autoestima, eliminando aquilo que é indesejável ou que não é socialmente aceito. Sendo o ideal de beleza atravessado pela mídia e cultuado pela sociedade, explorar a percepção da cirurgia plástica na autoestima de mulheres pode auxiliar a compreensão do número expressivo de mulheres submetidas aos procedimentos estéticos. OBJETIVO: Analisar a percepção de autoestima no pré e pós-operatório de mulheres submetidas a cirurgia plástica estética. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, qualitativo e exploratório, com 10 mulheres no ano de 2022; a coleta ocorreu em duas etapas, pré e pós cirurgia, nas duas etapas utilizou-se entrevista semiaberta e a escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (1965), a análise dos dados foi a partir da análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2011). RESULTADOS: Apontam não haver evidências de conteúdo de baixa autoestima no pré e pós ­ cirúrgico, e sim, na melhora da autoestima, sugerindo a ligação entre procedimento cirúrgico estético e a autoexigência aos padrões socioculturais de beleza, sendo o procedimento cirúrgico recurso rápido, eficiente e de fácil acesso, proporcionando como consequência secundária melhora na qualidade. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: A cirurgia plástica promove a melhora na percepção da autoestima, porém não foi o fator determinante para a submissão ao procedimento cirúrgico das participantes, apontando assim, para a necessidade de estudos sobre outros fatores que motivam a submissão em procedimentos estéticos, como as mídias sociais.

| INTRODUCTION: Nowadays, plastic surgery has become an alternative for women to achieve their ideal beauty. Body changes aim to alter or improve self-esteem by eliminating what is undesirable or socially unacceptable. The ideal of beauty is passed down through the media and worshipped by society. Exploring the perception of plastic surgery on women's self-esteem can help us understand the significant number of women who undergo cosmetic procedures. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the perception of self-esteem in the pre- and postoperative periods of women who have undergone cosmetic surgery. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional, qualitative, and exploratory study, with 10 women in 2022; the collection took place in two stages, pre- and post-surgery, in both stages a semi-open interview and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale (1965) were used, the data analysis was based on Bardin's content analysis (2011). RESULTS: Indicate that there is no evidence of low self-esteem content in the pre- and post-surgery, but rather, in the improvement of self-esteem, suggesting the link between aesthetic surgical procedure and self-demand to sociocultural standards of beauty, with the surgical procedure being a quick, efficient resource and easily accessible, providing a secondary consequence of improving quality. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Plastic surgery promotes an improvement in the perception of self-esteem, however, it was not the determining factor in the participants' submission to the surgical procedure, thus pointing to the need for studies on other factors that motivate submission to aesthetic procedures, such as social media.

INTRODUCCIÓN: En la actualidad, la cirugía plástica se ha convertido en una alternativa para que las mujeres alcancen su belleza ideal. Los cambios corporales pretenden alterar o mejorar la autoestima eliminando lo que es indeseable o socialmente inaceptable. El ideal de belleza se transmite a través de los medios de comunicación y es cultivado por la sociedad. Explorar la percepción de la cirugía plástica sobre la autoestima de las mujeres puede ayudarnos a comprender el importante número de mujeres que se someten a procedimientos estéticos. OBJETIVO: Analizar la percepción de la autoestima en los periodos pre y postoperatorio de las mujeres que se han sometido a cirugía estética. MÉTODO: Se trata de un estudio transversal, cualitativo y exploratorio, con 10 mujeres en 2022; la recogida se realizó en dos etapas, pre y postoperatoria, en ambas etapas se utilizó una entrevista semiabierta y la escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (1965), los datos se analizaron mediante el análisis de contenido de Bardin (2011). RESULTADOS: Indican que no hay evidencia de baja autoestima en el pre y postoperatorio, sino más bien una mejora en la autoestima, sugiriendo el vínculo entre el procedimiento quirúrgico estético y la autoexigencia de estándares socioculturales de belleza, siendo el procedimiento quirúrgico un recurso rápido, eficiente y de fácil acceso, redundando en una mejora de la calidad. CONSIDERACIONES FINALES: La cirugía plástica promueve una mejora en la percepción de la autoestima, sin embargo, no fue el factor determinante en el sometimiento de los participantes al procedimiento quirúrgico, apuntando así la necesidad de estudios sobre otros factores que motivan el sometimiento a los procedimientos estéticos, como las redes sociales.

Análise da satisfação corporal em mulheres após cirurgia bariátrica e suas alterações psicológicas, comportamentais e alimentares / Analysis of body satisfaction in women after bariatric surgery and its psychological, bahavioral and eating changes / Análisis de la satisfacción corporal en mujeres tras la cirugía bariátrica y sus cambios psicológicos, conductuales y alimentarios

INTRODUÇÃO: A obesidade é uma doença crônica e de causa multifatorial caracterizada pelo acúmulo excessivo de gordura no corpo. A cirurgia bariátrica é um dos procedimentos indicados para o tratamento da obesidade. OBJETIVO: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a satisfação física de mulheres submetidas à cirurgia bariátrica, avaliando a incidência de alterações psicológicas pós-operatórias, comportamentos alimentares, escores de autoestima e compulsão alimentar. MÉTODOS: Este projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da Universidade São Judas Tadeu (CAAE 46628521.5.0000.0089). Trata-se de um estudo de caráter quantitativo com delineamento transversal que foi realizado em um grupo de 39 indivíduos do sexo feminino, com idade entre 27 e 56 anos, que se submeteram à cirurgia bariátrica do tipo Bypass Gástrico em Y de Roux há pelo menos 2 anos. Foi utilizado um formulário (Google Forms - http://gg.gg/pesquisacirurgiabariatrica) para a coleta dos dados. RESULTADOS: A análise dos dados evidenciou que as participantes apresentam sobrepeso e insatisfação corporal, mas manifestam autoestima satisfatória. A maioria das participantes afirma experimentar sentimentos positivos ou negativos quando comem, além de não fazer acompanhamento psicológico. CONCLUSÃO: Nota-se a importância do acompanhamento multidisciplinar antes, durante e depois da cirurgia bariátrica para que os resultados sejam duradouros. A terapia cognitivo-comportamental pode ser extremamente eficaz nesse processo, pois atua na modificação de pensamentos e comportamentos disfuncionais diante das necessidades individuais.

INTRODUCTION: Obesity is a chronic, multifactorial disease characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat in the body. Bariatric surgery is one of the procedures indicated for the treatment of obesity. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the physical satisfaction of women undergoing bariatric surgery, assessing the incidence of postoperative psychological changes, eating behaviors, self-esteem scores, and binge eating. METHODS: This project was approved by the Ethics Committee of São Judas Tadeu University (CAAE 46628521.5.0000.0089). This is a quantitative cross-sectional study that was carried out on a group of 39 females aged between 27 and 56 who had undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery at least two years previously. A form (Google Forms - http://gg.gg/pesquisacirurgiabariatrica) was used to collect the data. RESULTS: Analysis of the data showed that the participants were overweight and had body dissatisfaction but expressed satisfactory self-esteem. Most of the participants said that they experience positive or negative feelings when they eat, and that they do not receive psychological counseling. CONCLUSION: It is important to have multidisciplinary support before, during, and after bariatric surgery so that the results are long-lasting. Cognitive-behavioral therapy can be extremely effective in this process, as it works to modify dysfunctional thoughts and behaviors in the face of individual needs.

INTRODUCCIÓN: La obesidad es una enfermedad crónica y multifactorial caracterizada por la acumulación excesiva de grasa en el organismo. La cirugía bariátrica es uno de los procedimientos indicados para el tratamiento de la obesidad. OBJETIVO: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la satisfacción física de mujeres sometidas a cirugía bariátrica, evaluando la incidencia de cambios psicológicos postoperatorios, comportamientos alimentarios, puntuaciones de autoestima y atracones. MÉTODOS: Este proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Universidad São Judas Tadeu (CAAE 46628521.5.0000.0089). Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, transversal, realizado en un grupo de 39 mujeres con edades comprendidas entre 27 y 56 años que habían sido sometidas a cirugía de bypass gástrico en Y de Roux al menos dos años antes. Para la recogida de datos se utilizó un formulario (Google Forms - http://gg.gg/pesquisacirurgiabariatrica). RESULTADOS: El análisis de los datos mostró que los participantes tenían sobrepeso e insatisfacción corporal, pero expresaron una autoestima satisfactoria. La mayoría de los participantes dijeron que experimentan sentimientos positivos o negativos cuando comen, y que no reciben asesoramiento psicológico. CONCLUSIÓN: Es importante recibir asesoramiento multidisciplinar antes, durante y después de la cirugía bariátrica para que los resultados sean duraderos. La terapia cognitivo-conductual puede ser extremadamente eficaz en este proceso, ya que trabaja para modificar los pensamientos y comportamientos disfuncionales frente a las necesidades individuales.

Relationship between resilience, self-esteem, and burnout in Medical students during the Covid-19 pandemic / Relação entre resiliência, autoestima e burnout em estudantes de Medicina durante a pandemia de Covid-19

Abstract: Introduction: In Brazil, the lack of studies evaluating self-esteem in medical students is evident. In the academic field, it is known that individuals with high self-esteem and resilience are more likely to be successful. In previous studies, resilience was negatively associated with anxiety and Burnout Syndrome (BS). The BS has become a public health problem due to its increased incidence, especially among medical professionals during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, making it essential to expand and develop this issue. Objectives: To evaluate the level of self-esteem in medical students and its association with the degree of resilience and burnout during the pandemic. Method: A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted with medical students from the first to the eighth semesters at Centro Universitário Christus in Fortaleza - CE, Brazil. The students answered three surveys: in the beginning of the semester, at the midterms and during finals. We applied the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Wagnild and Young's resilience scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: Students with higher levels of emotional exhaustion showed less professional efficiency (P < 0.001). Disbelief and professional efficiency are inversely related (P < 0.001). There was no significant variation in the prevalence of burnout throughout the semester (P = 0.593). However, this prevalence has been high since the first period of the study. Additionally, the higher the resilience, the higher the self-esteem (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Medical students show elevated levels of BS. There was no statistically significant variation in burnout, resilience, and self-esteem throughout the semester. Therefore, further studies are necessary to analyze these variables.

Resumo: Introdução: No Brasil, é perceptível a escassez de estudos avaliando a autoestima dos alunos de Medicina durante a pandemia da Covid-19. No campo acadêmico, sabe-se que indivíduos com alta autoestima e resiliência são mais propensos ao sucesso. De acordo com a literatura atual, a resiliência foi negativamente associada à ansiedade e à síndrome de burnout (SB). A SB tornou-se um problema de saúde pública por causa do aumento de sua incidência, principalmente entre os profissionais de saúde durante a pandemia da doença por coronavírus 2019 (Covid-19), tornando imprescindível o aprofundamento desse tema. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o nível de autoestima de estudantes de Medicina e sua associação com o grau de resiliência e de burnout durante a pandemia. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de coorte transversal com estudantes de Medicina do primeiro ao oitavo semestre realizado no Centro Universitário Christus, em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Foram realizados três pontos de corte: no início do semestre, no meio do semestre e no final. Aplicamos as escalas de Maslach, Wagnild e Young e Rosenberg, e um questionário sociodemográfico. Resultado: Estudantes com maior desgaste emocional apresentaram menor eficácia profissional (p < 0,001). A descrença e a eficácia profissional estão inversamente relacionadas (p < 0,001). Não houve variação significativa na prevalência de burnout ao longo do semestre (p = 0,593), mas essa prevalência foi alta desde o primeiro período do estudo. Além disso, quanto maior a resiliência, maior a autoestima (p < 0,001). Conclusão: Estudantes de Medicina apresentam altos níveis de burnout. Variações de burnout, resiliência e autoestima não se mostraram estatisticamente relevantes ao longo do semestre. Mais estudos são necessários para analisar essas variáveis.

Imagem corporal e autoestima em adolescentes da rede pública estadual de Salvador-Bahia / Imagen corporal y autoestima en adolescentes de la red pública estatal de Salvador-Bahía / Body image and self-esteem in adolescents from the state public network of Salvador-Bahia

RESUMO. Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre insatisfação com a imagem corporal e autoestima de adolescentes matriculados na rede pública estadual de ensino fundamental em Salvador-Bahia. Método: Participaram deste estudo de corte transversal 860 adolescentes de 10 a 19 anos de idade, de ambos os sexos, matriculados do 7º sétimo ao 9º nono ano em 12 escolas de médio porte da rede pública estadual do ensino fundamental em turno integral, do município de Salvador, Bahia. A autoestima foi avaliada por meio da Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg e a insatisfação com a imagem corporal pelo Body Shape Questionnaire. Dados demográficos e socioeconômicos, maturação sexual, estado antropométrico, nível de atividade física e sedentarismo foram também avaliados. A associação entre insatisfação com a imagem corporal e autoestima foi analisada pela regressão multinominal para variáveis politômicas utilizando o programa estatístico SPSS, versão 23.0. Resultados: Entre os adolescentes, 24,8% tinham moderada autoestima e 27,3% apresentaram os menores escores desse constructo. A insatisfação com a imagem corporal foi identificada em 25,2% dos adolescentes. A análise de associação revelou que adolescentes com insatisfação com a imagem corporal possuem 5,61 (IC 95% 3,08-10,24) vezes maior chance em manifestar baixa autoestima para o sexo feminino e 3,83 (IC 95% 2,03-7,25) vezes para o sexo masculino. Ainda entre as meninas, a insatisfação com a imagem corporal permaneceu associada positivamente à moderada autoestima após ajuste do modelo (OR: 2,31; IC 95% 1,21-4,41). Conclusão: Foi observada alta prevalência de níveis baixos e moderados de autoestima e que a insatisfação com a imagem corporal influenciou a baixa autoestima em ambos os sexos e a moderada entre as meninas.

RESUMEN. Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal y la autoestima en adolescentes matriculados en escuelas públicas estatales en Salvador - Bahía. Métodos: Participó en esta sección transversal un total de 860 adolescentes de 10 a 19 años, de ambos sexos, de 7º a 9º grado, matriculados en doce escuelas medianas en instituiciones públicas estatales de enseñanza a tiempo completo, en la ciudad de Salvador, Bahía. La Escala de autoestima de Rosenberg y el Body Shape Questionnaire evaluarón, respectivamente, la autoestima y la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal. También se evaluaron los datos demográficos y socioeconómicos, la maduración sexual, el estado antropométrico, el nivel de actividad física y la inactividad física. La asociación entre la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal y la autoestima se analizó mediante regresión multinominal para variables politómicas utilizando el programa estadístico SPSS Versión 23.0. Resultados: Entre los adolescentes, el 24,8% tenían una moderada autoestima y el 27,3% tenían las puntuaciones más bajas de este constructo. La insatisfacción con la imagen corporal se identificó en el 25,2% de los adolescentes. El análisis de asociación reveló que las chicas y los chicos con la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal tenían, respectivamente, 5,61 (IC 95% 3,08 - 10,24) veces y 3,83 (IC 95% 2,03 - 7,25) veces en tener más chances de tener baja autoestima. También entre las chicas, la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal se mantuvo positivamente asociada con uma moderada autoestima después del ajuste del modelo (OR: 2,31; IC del 95%: 1,21 a 4,41). Conclusión: Se observó una alta ocurrencia de baja y moderada autoestima y que la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal influyó en la baja autoestima en ambos sexos y en la moderada autoestima entre las chicas.

ABSTRACT. Objective: To analyze an association between dissatisfaction with body image and self - esteem of adolescents enrolled in the public elementary school system in Salvador - Bahia. Methods: Participated in this cross-sectional study 860 adolescents aged 10 to 19, of both sexes from the 7th to the 9th year, enrolled in twelve medium-sized schools of the public elementary school system in full shift, in the city of Salvador, Bahia. Self-esteem was assessed through the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and body image dissatisfaction by the Body Shape Questionnaire. Demographic and socioeconomic data, sexual maturation, anthropometric status, physical activity level and sedentary lifestyle were evaluated. The association between dissatisfaction with body image and self-esteem was analyzed by multinominal regression for polytomic variables using the statistical program SPSS Version 23.0. Results: Among the adolescents, 24.8% had moderate self-esteem and 27.3% had the lowest scores of this construct. Body image dissatisfaction was identified in 25.2% of the adolescents. The association analysis revealed that adolescents with body image dissatisfaction have 5.61 (95%ci 3.08-10.24) times greater chance of manifesting low self-esteem for females and 3.83 (95%ci 2.03-7.25) times for males. Still among girls, dissatisfaction with body image remained positively associated with moderate self-esteem after adjusting the model (OR: 2.31; 95%ci 1.21-4.41). Conclusion: It was concluded that the prevalence of low and moderate self-esteem was high, and dissatisfaction with body image influenced low self-esteem in both sexes and a moderate among girls.

Psychological correlates of COVID safety protocol adherence among university students

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic continues to be a global concern. Reports of insidious asymptomatic variants of the virus raise concerns about the safety of huge numbers of students on university campuses. Objective: The study aimed to delineate psychological correlates for students' adherence to safety protocols for appropriate context-specific coping intervention designs. Setting & Design: 751 students from the various colleges of the KNUST were conveniently sampled for this crosssectional survey. Measures: Psychological instruments with good psychometric properties (DASS-21; Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Perceived Control Scales) were used in addition to demographics and questions on COVID safety protocol adherence. Results: Self-esteem positively correlated with perceived control (r = 0.40, p<0.001) and COVID adherence (r = 0.16, p<0.001); but negatively correlated with psychological distress (r = -0.44 p<0.001). Greater perceived control was associated with lower psychological distress (r = -0.20 p<0.001) and greater adherence to safety protocols (r = 0.24 p<0.001). Protocol adherence was regressed on psychological distress, self-esteem, and perceived control to determine any significant prediction. All the variables accounted for 7% of the variance in COVID protocol adherence (R2 = 0.07, F (3, 661) =17.29, p<0.001) with perceived control significantly predicting adherence to COVID safety protocol (B = 0.11, ß=0.23, t=5.54 p<0.001). Conclusion: Results indicated that perceived control over important life events and healthy self-esteem would likely facilitate adherence to COVID safety protocols and attenuate psychological distress. Implications for further research and design of appropriate COVID coping response interventions are discussed

Effect of parent-child cohesion on internalizing problems of junior high school students: the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of sibling relationships / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of self-esteem and sibling relationships on the links of parental cohesion and internalizing problems in junior high school students based on the family system theory.Methods:A total of 565 junior high school students were investigated with the sibling relationship questionnaire, parent-child cohesion questionnaire, self-esteem scale and internalizing problems questionnaire from April to June 2021.SPSS 26.0 was used for descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis.PROCESS was used to examine the mediating and moderating effect.Results:Maternal-child cohesion was positively correlated with self-esteem and sibling warmth ( r=0.36, 0.58, both P<0.01), while it was negatively correlated with internalizing problems and sibling conflict ( r=-0.29, -0.25, both P<0.01). Similarly, paternal-child cohesion was positively correlated with self-esteem and sibling warmth ( r=0.37, 0.51, both P<0.01), and it was negatively correlated with internalizing problems and sibling conflict ( r=-0.36, -0.21, both P<0.01). The self-esteem played a partial mediating role between maternal-child cohesion and internalizing problems ( β=-0.09, 95% CI=-0.14--0.05), and the mediating value was 30.13%.The self-esteem also played a partial mediating role between paternal-child cohesion and internalizing problems ( β=-0.07, 95% CI=-0.11--0.04), and the mediating value was 25.36%.Sibling warmth could improve the positive effect of maternal-child cohesion on self-esteem ( β=0.06, 95% CI=0.01-0.11), while could offset the negative effects of low level of maternal-child cohesion against the internalizing problems ( β=0.10, 95% CI=0.04-0.16). But sibling conflict did not significantly predict the effects of maternal-child cohesion on self-esteem and internalizing problems.Similarly, sibling warmth could improve the positive effect of paternal-child cohesion on self-esteem ( β=0.05, 95% CI=0.01-0.09), while could offset the negative effects of low level of paternal-child cohesion against the internalizing problems ( β=0.09, 95% CI=0.03-0.15). But sibling conflict could reduce the positive impact of paternal-child cohesion and self-esteem ( β=-0.05, 95% CI=-0.09--0.01), while had no effect on the impact of paternal-child cohesion and internalizing problems. Conclusion:Parent-child cohesion not only directly affects the internalizing problems, but also indirectly affects the internalizing problems through the self-esteem.Positive parent-child cohesion and sibling warmth relationships can improve the individual's self-esteem level and reduce the internalizing problems.

Relationship between self-esteem and mental health of medical students: mediating effect of psychological flexibility / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the relation among self-esteem, psychological flexibility and mental health in medical students, and to provide scientific reference for mental health education for medical students.Methods:A total of 788 medical students selected from a medical university in Chongqing City were investigated with the symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90), self-esteem scale (SES), acceptance and action questionnaire-Ⅱ (AAQ-Ⅱ), and cognitive fusion questionnaire-fusion (CFQ-F). SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. T test, ANOVA, correlation analysis and tests for mediation effects were conducted. Results:There were significant differences in self-esteem and mental health level among medical students in gender and different grades ( t=-2.55, P<0.05; F=6.53, P<0.05). Mental health, self-esteem and psychological flexibility of medical students were correlated in pairs ( r=-0.528-0.694, P<0.01). Psychological flexibility played a partial mediation role between self-esteem and mental health of medical students, and the mediating effect accounted for 60.03% of the total effect. Conclusion:Self-esteem can directly predict the mental health of medical students, and can also indirectly affect mental health through psychological flexibility. Medical universities should carry out psychological education and promotion work with pertinence.

El lado oscuro de internet. ¿Predice el cyberbullying la participación en sexting? / The Internet's dark side. ¿Does cyberbullying predict sexting?

Resumen Introducción/Objetivos: En los últimos años, se constata la extensión entre la población infanto-juvenil del cyberbullying y el sexting. La presente investigación tiene los objetivos de (1) identificar las prácticas de cyberbullying y sexting entre adolescentes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, por rol de participación; y su relación con el sexo, la edad, el ciclo educativo y la autoestima; y (2) identificar el poder predictivo de los roles en cyberbullying y la autoestima sobre las dinámicas de sexting. Método: Se llevó a cabo un diseño ex post facto retrospectivo de grupo único. Participaron 954 estudiantes (50.4% chicos), entre los 12 y 18 años (M = 13.71; DT = 1.31). Se utilizaron el ECIP-Q y el Sex and Tech para evaluar las prácticas de cyberbullying y sexting y la Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale para la autoestima. Resultados: Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en ciberagresión y sexting (envío de mensajes) en función del sexo, con puntuaciones mayores en los chicos. La cibervictimización y la autoestima resultaron explicativas del sexting cuando los adolescentes están presionados a mandar mensajes, mientras que la ciberagresión resultó explicativa del sexting sin presión social. Conclusiones: Estos resultados señalan la necesidad de considerar ambas realidades en intervenciones educativas en la etapa escolar.

Abstract Abstract Introduction/Aims: Last years the extension of negative cyber conducts among child and adolescent population like cyberbullying and sexting has been confirmed. The aims of present study are: (1) to analyze cyberbullying and sexting practices among Secondary School students, attending to their roles of implication and its relationship with sex, age, academic year, and self-esteem; and (2) to identify the explanatory power of the roles in cyberbullying and self-esteem on sexting practices. Method: A retrospective ex post facto design in only group was conducted. Participants were 954 students (50.4% male), between 12 and 18 years (M = 13.71; DT = 1.31). ECIP-Q and Sex and Tech were used to analyze cyberbullying and sexting. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale was used to assess self-esteem. Results: Statistically significant differences in cyber aggression and sexting (adolescents who send messages to others) were observed according to sex, boys scoring higher than girls. Cybervictimization and self-esteem were explanatory variables of sexting when students were pressured to send texts, whereas cyberaggression was an explanatory variable of sexting participation with non-social pressure. Conclusions: The findings highlight the need of considering both problems for educational interventions in the school period.